定语从句与同位语从句的区别that与what的区别
定语从句与同位语从句的区别
定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制；而同位语从句是对从句前面的抽象名词作进一步的说明和解释。如：
① The news that our team has won the game Was true．
我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(同位语从句，补充说明news到底是一个什么消息)
② The news that he told me yesterday Was true．
昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。(定语从句，news在从句中作told的宾语)
③ I made a promise that if anyone set me free 1 would make him very rich．
我许诺如果谁让我自由，我就让他非常富有。(同位语从句，补充说明promise的内容)
④The mother made a promise that pleased all her children．
妈妈许下了一个令她的孩子们高兴的诺言。(定语从句，promise在从句中作pleased的主语)
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that与what的区别。
that在从句中不能够充当句子成分，也没有含义；what可以在从句中作主语、表语、宾语或定语，意思是“什么，……的事情”。如：
The hope that he may recover is not gone yet．
他会康复的希望没有消失。(that不充当成分，也无含义)
Wht he said proved to be true．
他所说的话证明是正确的。(what作said的宾语，可以翻译为“……的话”)

1.Choosing the right dictionary depends on you want to use it for.
A.what B.why C.how D.whether
2.Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales, please?
A.anyone B.someone C.whoever D.no matter who
3. worries me the way he keeps changing his mind.
A.This B.That C.What D.It
4.The companies are working together to create         they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.
A. which          B. that            C. what          D. who
5.The last time we had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water Park.
A. where        B. how        C. when        D. why
6.Students are always interested in finding out＿＿＿they can go with a new teacher.
A. how far      B. how soon    C. how often  D. how long
7.When asked         they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.
A.what B.why C.whom D.which
8.Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea       the party is to be held?
A. what    B. which    C. that    D. where
9.People in Chongqing are proud of         they have achieved in the past ten years.
A.that B.which C.what D.how
10.Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ______ their parents speak at home.
A. what        B. that        C. which       D. one
1. A【解析】what引导的名词性从句作介词on的宾语, what在从句中又充当介词for的宾语, 其他选项为副词或连词, 无此作用。
2. C 【解析】whoever在句中引导名词性从句, 作介词to的宾语, whoever在从句中作主语；no matter who只能引导让步状语从句。
3. D【解析】it在句中代指所发生的事情, the way在句中作方式状语, 同时又作了先行词, 其后为定语从句, 省略了引导词that或in which。
7. A【解析】句意为：当被问到他们最需要什么时, 孩子们说他们想让别人觉得他们是重要的, 希望被爱。what引导宾语从句, 且what在从句中作needed的宾语。
8. D【解析】由句式结构可以判断 the party is to be held是get any idea的同位语, 故空格处应为同位语从句的引导词, 且该从句中句子成分完整, 但语意不完整, 故应选择D项, 表示地点。
9. C【解析】what 引导名词性从句, 同时充当achieved的宾语。
10. A【解析】句中的from缺少宾语, what既引导了宾语从句, 又充当了speak的宾语。

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